Fine localization of the minimal residue of Echinococcus granulosus rEg.P29 B cells and immunogenicity of an epitope-based vaccine

Echinococcus species, which are classified under the phylum Platyhelminthes and the class Cestoda, are parasitic organisms that cause a range of diseases in humans, with cystic echinococcosis (CE) being particularly notable 1.At present, the implementation of prophylactic vaccination against CE represents a highly appropriate and efficacious preventive measure 2,3.In recent years, epitope peptide vaccines have attracted increasing attention because of their ease of production, target specificity, safety, and efficacy 4.The P29 protein is a newly identified 29 kDa antigen derived from the protoscoleces of E. granulosus 5.Our earlier studies confirmed that rEg.P29 has a protective effect against secondary infections of E. granulosus in mice and sheep