A narrative review of literature on the neuropsychological screening and assessment of acquired neurogenic and cognitive-communication disorders in Moroccan adults

OBJECTIVES: Acquired neurogenic and cognitive-communication disorders (ANC2Ds) may develop as a result of multiple etiological and neurological conditions. This narrative review aims to: a) Identify features of existing screening and assessment tools for ANC2Ds in the Moroccan context; b) Highlight the challenges associated with ANC2D diagnosis and c) Inform readers on cross-neuropsychological, linguistic, and cultural perspectives in cognitive-communication disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This narrative review explored studies from four databases: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus. A summary of demographic, clinical and neuropsychological characteristics has been depicted for the selected studies. RESULTS: A total of twenty-seven studies examined various linguistic and cognitive functions in the Moroccan dialect (Darija) and Tamazight in its three variants (Tachelhit, Tarifit, Atlas Tamazight). Crucially, the selected articles are in line with the scope of this review; some tools addressed ANC2Ds broadly through foundational normative data, while others targeted specific neurogenic conditions. CONCLUSION: This narrative review synthesizes research on cognitive-linguistic assessment, emphasizing neuropsychological and linguistic tools adapted locally and abroad. It acknowledges Morocco's linguistic diversity, noting a focus on Darija over Tamazight variants. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop culturally equitable and standardized cognitive-linguistic assessments locally and globally.