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Abstract This study thoroughly examines the state policies pertaining to the digital transformation of education, for more than ten European nations that have been put into place. It looks into how these policies are incorporated into each nation’s educational programs. This paper seeks to illustrate the movement in the European region toward the adoption of a new generation of educational systems through a close analysis of policy documents, reports, and statements from the European Union. These systems use cutting-edge technological approaches to improve learning, most notably Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). Moreover, a comprehensive comparative study of the policies implemented by various nations is conducted in this paper with the goal of identifying current trends, discrepancies, and recommendations for development. It also offers suggestions for improving and putting into practice to better align with evolving requirements and the needs and dynamics of modern EU educational environments. In addition to guidelines for adopting educational technologies in education, this document also examines the economic impact of related technologies such as AR/VR in education systems. The underlying reason for this is that the literature results focus on evaluating the learning effects and usability of related educational applications, while rarely addressing the economic impact of modern educational technologies on education systems. Overall, the economic impact of modern educational technologies goes beyond the education sector: they drive innovation, increase productivity, expand educational opportunities, and prepare individuals to succeed in the digital economy. By exposing students to cutting-edge technologies that reflect real-world scenarios, the digital transformation of education can better prepare them for the needs of a future workforce. This can lead to a more skilled and adaptable workforce that is better able to meet the changing needs of the industry.
Gkoutis et al. (Fri,) studied this question.