Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
A regression formula is derived for estimating a student's true gain from his initial and final test scores. A formula is given for the reliability of estimates thus obtained. A numerical example is given, illustrating some marked inadequacies of the simple, "common-sense" procedure that estimates gain by subtracting initial from final score. A convenient graphic procedure is presented for grouping all examinees tested according to the size of their estimated true gains.
Frederic M. Lord (Sat,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched one closely related paper. Consider it for comparative context: