Losartan significantly reduced the urinary albumin excretion rate by 34% at 10 weeks in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
RCT (n=147)
double-blind
randomized
Yes
Does losartan reduce urinary albumin excretion in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria?
Losartan significantly reduces urinary albumin excretion in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria, an effect independent of blood pressure reduction.
Effect estimate: 34% relative reduction
BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have shown antiproteinuric effects in normotensive and hypertensive diabetic patients. Angiotensin-receptor antagonists reduce urinary albumin excretion and the risk for renal and cardiovascular complications in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The effect of angiotensin-receptor antagonists in normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria has not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE: To assess the antiproteinuric effects of losartan in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. DESIGN: Multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING: 19 outpatient clinics in the Netherlands. PATIENTS: 147 normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria. INTERVENTION: 74 patients were randomly assigned to receive losartan and 73 patients were assigned to receive placebo for 10 weeks; 71 patients in each group completed the study. The losartan dose was 50 mg during the first 5 weeks and 100 mg during the subsequent 5 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Change in urinary albumin excretion rate after 5 and 10 weeks, change in creatinine clearance and blood pressure, and safety and tolerability of losartan. RESULTS: A significant 25% relative reduction in the albumin excretion rate occurred after 5 weeks of the 50-mg losartan dose, with further improvement over the subsequent 5 weeks with the 100-mg dose (relative reduction, 34%). In the losartan group, creatinine clearance did not improve and blood pressure decreased slightly. Side effects did not differ between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: The angiotensin-receptor antagonist losartan reduces urinary albumin excretion in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. In multivariate analysis, the antiproteinuric effect of losartan was independent of the associated reduction in blood pressure. Losartan was safe and well tolerated in these normotensive patients.
Zandbergen et al. (Tue,) conducted a rct in Type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria (n=147). Losartan vs. Placebo was evaluated on Change in urinary albumin excretion rate after 5 and 10 weeks (34% relative reduction). Losartan significantly reduced the urinary albumin excretion rate by 34% at 10 weeks in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
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