Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody levels were significantly higher in patients with disseminated opportunistic infections (66.0 ng/mL) or persistent TB (65.5 ng/mL) than healthy controls (44.8 ng/mL; p=0.004).
Cross-Sectional (n=119)
Are anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies and IL-12 levels elevated in immunocompetent Indian adults with disseminated opportunistic infections or persistent tuberculosis compared to healthy controls?
Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies are significantly elevated in apparently immunocompetent Indian adults with disseminated opportunistic infections or persistent tuberculosis, suggesting a role in adult-onset immunodeficiency.
Absolute Event Rate: 66.02% vs 44.77%
p-value: p=0.004
AbstractObjectives Though anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies are associated with adult-onset immunodeficiency among Asians, they are not routinely tested. Despite rising reports of disseminated opportunistic infections in apparently immunocompetent individuals, the clinical course and prevalence of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies remain poorly characterized. We evaluated the association between severe opportunistic infections and plasma anti-IFN-γ antibodies and IL-12 levels. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated levels of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies and IL-12 in HIV negative, apparently immunocompetent patients with disseminated intracellular opportunistic infections (Group 1; n=44) or persistent tuberculosis (Group 2; n=41) against healthy controls (Group 3; n=34). Results Common infections in Group 1 were disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections (40·9%), cryptococcosis (36·4%), and disseminated histoplasmosis (13·6%). Median anti-IFN-γ autoantibody concentrations were significantly higher in Group 1 66·02 ng/mL; IQR 52·19–85·86; p = 0·004 and Group 2 65·46 ng/mL; IQR 52·31–86·03; p = 0·004 than in Group 3 44·77 ng/mL; IQR 28·56–69·93. When compared to controls, IL-12 levels were significantly elevated in Group 1 (p = 0·006). In Group 1, three patients had relapses (6·8%), and three patients died (6·8%). Conclusions Patients with disseminated intracellular opportunistic infections and those with persistent tuberculosis had significantly higher levels of anti- IFN-γ autoantibodies than healthy controls . IL-12 levels were significantly higher in patients with disseminated intracellular opportunistic infections than among healthy controls. There was no significant difference in IL-12 levels among patients with persistent tuberculosis and healthy controls.
Bandyopadhyay et al. (Fri,) conducted a cross-sectional in Disseminated opportunistic infections and persistent tuberculosis (n=119). Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies and IL-12 levels vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody concentrations (p=0.004). Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody levels were significantly higher in patients with disseminated opportunistic infections (66.0 ng/mL) or persistent TB (65.5 ng/mL) than healthy controls (44.8 ng/mL; p=0.004).