I was recruited to the PAC underground programmes in 1985. In the same year I met Polite Xuma, who recruited me to the Azania People's Liberation Army (APLA). I then joined the Azanian People's Liberation in 1988 underground operations. I was trained internally in the Free State and the Northern Cape provinces and travelled several times between the Free State and Lesotho.
Human Sciences Research Council (Fri,) studied this question.