Management, Design, and Development of Irrigation System in Desert Regions Case Study: Bagh-E-Shazdeh (Prince Garden)

This article tries to investigate the hydraulic and architectural dimensions of vernacular sustainable architecture design with focus on qanat system and irrigation order in Prince Garden. Surveying the system of irrigation in Prince Garden shows that the qanat system was an efficient technique for irrigation and water supply to manage stormwater, wastewater, watershed, and also ground and underground waters in the most efficient ways. Furthermore, in a mutual relationship, this system has affected on the irrigation order of the Prince Garden which has shaped vegetation, spatial, and functional orders of the garden, where as can consider variety of channels and fountains in three features of utilization of water includes fluent water, stagnant water, and waterfall. The survey is performed are presented as follows: (1) Analysis of the qanat and irrigation system in Prince Garden; (2) Extraction of technical and design principles based on the previous step; (3) Development of updated guidelines based on the current city requirements. Considered on this system in the garden, it has been understood that irrigation system in qanat is affected by both pressure and gravity forces. The irrigation order, additionally, dictates three effective principles of design that can be considered as: sense of unity, contrast among different aspect from spatial to functional, the sustainability aspect of garden, especially in regard to water architecture.