Secure Particle Filtering With Paillier Encryption–Decryption Scheme: Application to Multi-Machine Power Grids

This paper is concerned with the encryption-decryption-based state estimation problem for a class of multi-machine power grids with non-Gaussian noises. For the purposes of security enhancement and data privacy protection, the Paillier encryption-decryption scheme is adopted to map the measurement data into the ciphertext space before being transmitted through the communication network. The aim of this paper is to develop a novel secure particle filter algorithm to cope with the nonlinearity/non-Gaussianity from the system plant and the decrypted signals after the measurement transmission. In particular, a modified likelihood function is proposed to obtain the importance weights where the encryption-decryption process of the measurement data is taken into full consideration. The developed algorithm is applied to multi-machine power grids, and it is demonstrated via simulation studies (on three test scenarios of the IEEE 39-bus power system) that our proposed secure state estimation scheme possesses the desired performance index in terms of security and accuracy.