Climate-driven hydrological shifts generate nutrient-mobilization hotspots in northern catchments: evidence from the Vantaanjoki, Finland

Key Points

• This research explores how climate-driven hydrological changes influence nutrient exports in catchments.
• Utilized a cross-domain SWAT+-statistical framework to analyze climate–nutrient linkages.
• Assessed nutrient uptake and export under varying hydroclimatic conditions.
• Nutrient exports were shown to shift from spring to winter–autumn due to climate change.
• Identified new nutrient-mobilization hotspots driven by hydroclimatic intensification.
• Demonstrated that nutrient uptake-export coupling weakens under warmer, wetter conditions.