The development of efficient oxyhydrogen production systems is becoming increasingly important due to the growing demand for sustainable and low carbon energy technologies. However, improving the efficiency of these systems requires the evaluation of multiple technical, economic, and environmental factors. A key problem in this field is identifying which criteria are most critical for enhancing the efficiency of oxyhydrogen production processes. Although many studies focus on technological improvements and experimental performance, the literature lacks a systematic framework that determines the priority criteria affecting these strategies. This study aims to identify and prioritize the most critical criteria influencing the efficiency of oxyhydrogen production processes rather than directly measuring efficiency performance. To achieve this, a novel decision-making framework is proposed that integrates interval valued Fermatean fuzzy sets with the COWEB technique developed by the authors and the SIWEC method. This integrated approach provides a unique and systematic structure for determining the priority criteria under uncertainty, distinguishing the study from existing research that primarily focuses on experimental or technological aspects. The results show that energy efficiency and investment requirement and production cost are the most influential factors affecting oxyhydrogen production efficiency. The proposed model provides a structured decision support framework for evaluating complex energy systems. The findings suggest that strategies focusing on improving electrolysis efficiency and reducing investment and operational costs should be prioritized.
Demir et al. (Fri,) studied this question.