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An earlier study had established that job redesign for operators of computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines, training them in basic maintenance and fault correction techniques, led to a reduction in machine downtime. Here, data were taken from the previous study, and three aspects of downtime were analysed (amount, incidence, and downtime per incident) in order to compare two explanations for the previous result. Hypothesis 1, a logistical explanation, was based on the elimination of waiting time and led to the prediction of a reduction in downtime per incident but not in the overall number of incidents. Hypothesis 2, a skill-based explanation, emphasized the prevention of machine faults by the exercise of existing and newly acquired knowledge, thus leading to the prediction of a reduction in the number of incidents. Findings showed clear support for the skill-based explanation, and the results were discussed in terms of the effective use of advanced manufacturing technology under conditions of high technical uncertainty. In particular, the study showed the importance of allowing operators to use their skills appropriately, and indicated a new role for technical specialists as trainers and advisers.
Jackson et al. (Tue,) studied this question.