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In order to accomplish effective public services and able to deliver direct services to the community, in 2010 the Government of Indonesia (GoI) has released released a Ministry Home Affairs Regulation No 4 Year 2010 on manual of Integrated Administrative Service on District Area (in Bahasa shortened into PATEN). To accelerate and to optimize the implementation of this regulation, several regulations have been also released.
Nasution et al. (Sun,) studied this question.