Pulmonary embolism patients had significant downregulation in peak thrombin and endogenous thrombin potential, and upregulation in lag time and biomarkers compared to normal human plasma controls.
Case-Control (n=209)
No
Are thrombin generation potential, biomarkers, and blood cellular indices altered in patients with pulmonary embolism compared to normal controls?
Thrombin generation potential and blood cellular indices are significantly altered in pulmonary embolism and correlate with disease severity and mortality, suggesting potential utility for risk stratification.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a heterogenous condition with variable clinical presentations. Thrombin generation potential (TGP) and biomarkers, and blood cellular indices can reflect the underlying pathophysiology and risk stratification of PE. This case-control study analyzed TGP in 209 PE patients from Loyola University, Pulmonary Embolism Response Team program compared to normal human plasma (NHP) controls. The present study evaluates TGP and biomarkers, and cellular indices in relation to PE severity, according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines. Statistical analysis including median with interquartile range (IQR), 2-tailed Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test, and Spearman Correlational analysis were performed. There were 209 patients with PE, with an almost equal distribution between sex, and a median age of 63 years. Significant downregulation in peak thrombin and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), as well as upregulation in lag time, were observed in PE patients versus controls. Biomarker analysis revealed pronounced elevations, with D-dimer demonstrating the most significant increase. Blood cellular indices also rose in PE patients, correlating with disease severity. PE severity was associated with higher TGP and biomarker levels. Mortality rates differed significantly across risk categories and were highest in patients with elevated cellular indices. TGP and biomarkers are intricately linked to PE severity and can aid in risk stratification. Elevated cellular indices are associated with increased mortality, highlighting their potential as prognostic markers. These findings could enhance the precision of PE management strategies.
Siddiqui et al. (Mon,) conducted a case-control in Pulmonary embolism (n=209). Pulmonary embolism vs. Normal human plasma controls was evaluated on Thrombin generation potential, biomarkers, and blood cellular indices. Pulmonary embolism patients had significant downregulation in peak thrombin and endogenous thrombin potential, and upregulation in lag time and biomarkers compared to normal human plasma controls.