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China petroleum corporations have achieved great success in cross-M the economic risk indicators comprise price, exchange rate, financing and tax; while the geological risk indicators involve source condition, reservoir condition and others. At last, according to the concrete risks, a lot of countermeasure, aiming at risk scatter, risk transfer and risk reduction, are put forward. Risk scatter measures are 2 approaches; one is diversification investment in different oil resource region in the world. Another is diversification structure by integrating upstream and downstream including exploration, development, storage, transportation, oil refining and marketing. Some methods may transfer risk, for example, seeking for enterprises from host country and various countries as investment partner; investing foreign Private Offered Fund; arranging insurance, registering a new company abroad, and peeling sensitive asset off the merged target and so on. To reduce risk, there are also some suggestions: bank lender from more than one country and organization including host bank, win-win treaty between host country and China, employment localization, etc, which should be taken into account in cross-border M&A.
Gao et al. (Tue,) studied this question.