Optimization of Prefabricated Building Component Selection and Layout Based on an Improved Simulated Annealing Algorithm

When addressing the optimization of building component selection and layout under complex constraints and multiple objectives, it is often challenging to simultaneously consider aspects such as cost, weight, structural safety, and construction efficiency. This paper proposes an optimization method for prefabricated building component selection and layout based on an improved simulated annealing algorithm. By incorporating heuristic initial solution generation, adaptive temperature control, and dynamic neighborhood selection strategies, the method addresses the issues of slow convergence and susceptibility to local optima in traditional simulated annealing algorithms. Comparative experimental results demonstrate the significant advantages of the improved simulated annealing algorithm in the process of component selection and layout optimization. The improved simulated annealing algorithm (ISA) shows notable superiority. The computation time of ISA is 120 seconds, which is shorter than the 130 seconds of the traditional simulated annealing algorithm (SA) and significantly more efficient than the 250 seconds of the genetic algorithm (GA). The improved algorithm exhibits high efficiency and solution accuracy.