Mechanisms and Biological Effects of Mismatch Repair

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 LONG-PATCH MISMATCH CORRECTION . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . 231 Specificity of Methyl-Directed Mismatch Repair in E. coli.. . ...... . . . ..... . .. . .... . . . . . . 231 Initiation of the Methyl-Directed Reaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 The Excision Reaction in Methyl-Directed Repair . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . 235 Methyl-Directed Repair and Replication Fidelity . . . . ....... . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 238 mutHLSU Gene Products and the Recombination Heteroduplex..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Long-Patch. Strand-Specific Mismatch Repair in Eukaryotic Cells . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 SHORT-PATCH MISMATCH REPAIR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ....... ......... 243 VSP Mismatch Correction in E. coli 243 MutY-Dependent G-A->G'C Mismatch Repair in E. coli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 244 ReeF-Dependent Resolution of Heteroduplex DNA in E. coli ... . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . ........ 246 G-T->G' C Short-Patch Repair in Mammalian Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246