What question did this study set out to answer?

To establish criteria for when Bitcoin mining should be classified as a large flexible load (LFL).

June 3, 2026Open Access

When should Bitcoin mining qualify as a large, flexible load? A conditional regulatory framework

Key Points

To establish criteria for when Bitcoin mining should be classified as a large flexible load (LFL).
Separates LFL qualification from admission and public-interest safeguards.
Proposes auditable tests for evaluating Bitcoin mining loads.
Utilizes MEF disclosure for environmental assessment at specific locations.
Introduces interconnection and cost-allocation screens to avoid cost shifting.
Treats admission criteria as conditional and subject to revision.

Abstract

• Separates LFL qualification from admission and public-interest safeguards. • Proposes auditable tests for admitting or refusing Bitcoin mining loads. • Uses MEF disclosure for location-hour environmental assessment. • Adds interconnection and cost-allocation screens to prevent cost shifting. • Treats admission options as conditional and revisable.

When should Bitcoin mining qualify as a large, flexible load? A conditional regulatory framework

Key Points

Abstract

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