The study investigates the three-dimensional architecture and thermal structure of the Central Andes in centralsouthern Peru, highlighting the interplay between basement structure, Moho geometry, slab configuration, and thermal properties. Basement structural highs and lows acted as zones of weakness that localized deformation during Andean shortening. The Moho exhibits significant lateral heterogeneity, reflecting the combined effects of subduction processes, crustal shortening, magmatic underplating, and lower crustal flow or delamination. Its geometry provides key constraints on crustal thickness, seismic structure, and lithospheric dynamics. The subducting Nazca Plate shows strong along-strike variations in dip and continuity, influenced by plate kinematics and features such as the Nazca Ridge. These variations control mantle wedge development, arc magmatism, and deformation patterns in the overriding plate, contributing to the segmentation of the Andes. Steepslab segments promote mantle melting and volcanic activity, whereas flat-slab regions suppress magmatism. Consistent with these tectonic controls, Qs values increase from northwest to southeast, reflecting a transition from flat-slab conditions with low heat flow and limited geothermal activity to steep subduction zones characterized by active magmatism, elevated heat flow, and significant geothermal potential. This spatial variation underscores the strong coupling between slab geometry, thermal structure, and surface geothermal expression.
Megna et al. (Sat,) studied this question.