ABSTRACT Hearing loss is the most common disabling disease among humans, which adversely affects human health. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) accounting for approximately 63% of all hearing loss cases. SNHL may be classified into age‐related hearing loss (ARHL), drug‐induced hearing loss (DIHL), noise‐induced hearing loss (NIHL), and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL). Up to now, there are some recognized theories of SNHL, mainly including oxidative stress theory, vascular damage theory, and metabolic damage theory. However, the mechanism of SNHL has not yet been fully elucidated due to the highly complex etiologies, pathogenic mechanisms, and pathogenic changes in various types of hearing loss. In addition, the clinical treatment of SNHL is also varied. It mainly includes drug therapy, gene therapy, cochlear implantation, and so on. However, in view of the complex pathogenesis of SNHL, it is still insufficient to find precise and individualized treatment strategies. In this review, we thoroughly elucidate the classification and various pathogenesis of SNHL and introduce various treatment strategies for SNHL in detail, in order to provide scientific evidence for understanding the pathological process of SNHL and rational application of SNHL treatment.
Zhang et al. (Mon,) studied this question.