Five-year changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability were not associated with future CVD or death, but a 10 bpm higher baseline heart rate increased mortality by 11.4% (P=0.032).
Cohort (n=4,611)
Are 5-year changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability associated with future cardiovascular disease and death in people with and without dysglycemia?
Changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability over 5 years are not associated with future cardiovascular disease or death, regardless of glycemic status.
Effect estimate: 11.4% higher rate (95% CI 1.0-22.9%)
p-value: p=0.032
OBJECTIVE Higher resting heart rate (rHR) and lower heart rate variability (HRV) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in people with and without diabetes. It is unknown whether temporal changes in rHR and HRV may contribute to this risk. We investigated associations between 5-year changes in rHR and HRV and risk of future CVD and death, taking into account participants’ baseline glycemic state. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this prospective, population-based cohort study we investigated 4,611 CVD-free civil servants (mean SD age, 60 5.9 years; 70% men). We measured rHR and/or six indices of HRV. Associations of 5-year change in 5-min rHR and HRV with fatal and nonfatal CVD and all-cause mortality or the composite of the two were assessed, with adjustments made for relevant confounders. Effect modification by glycemic state was tested. RESULTS At baseline, 63% of participants were normoglycemic, 29% had prediabetes, and 8% had diabetes. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 11.9 (11.4; 12.3) years, 298 participants (6.5%) experienced a CVD event and 279 (6.1%) died of non–CVD-related causes. We found no association between 5-year changes in rHR and HRV and future events. Only baseline rHR was associated with all-cause mortality. A 10 bpm–higher baseline HR level was associated with an 11.4% higher rate of all-cause mortality (95% CI 1.0–22.9%; P = 0.032). Glycemic state did not modify associations. CONCLUSIONS Changes in rHR and HRV and possibly also baseline values of these measures are not associated with future CVD or death in people with or without dysglycemia.
Hansen et al. (Mon,) conducted a cohort in CVD-free with and without dysglycemia (n=4,611). 5-year changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability was evaluated on fatal and nonfatal CVD and all-cause mortality or the composite of the two (11.4% higher rate, 95% CI 1.0-22.9%, p=0.032). Five-year changes in resting heart rate and heart rate variability were not associated with future CVD or death, but a 10 bpm higher baseline heart rate increased mortality by 11.4% (P=0.032).
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