Quantum corrections and the minimal Yukawa sector of SU(5)

It is well known that the SU(5) grand unified theory, with the standard model quarks and leptons unified in 5¯ and 10 and the electroweak Higgs doublet residing in five-dimensional representations, leads to the relation Yd=YeT between the Yukawa couplings of the down-type quarks and the charged leptons. We show that this degeneracy can be lifted in a phenomenologically viable way when quantum corrections to the tree-level matching conditions are taken into account in the presence of one or more copies of gauge singlet fermions. The one-loop threshold corrections arising from heavy leptoquark scalar and vector bosons, already present in the minimal model, and heavy singlet fermions can lead to realistic Yukawa couplings, provided their masses differ by at least 2 orders of magnitude. The latter can also lead to a realistic light neutrino mass spectrum through the type I seesaw mechanism if the color partner of the Higgs stays close to the Planck scale. Most importantly, our findings demonstrate the viability of the simplest Yukawa sector when quantum corrections are considered and sizable threshold effects are present. Published by the American Physical Society 2024