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Two samples of 216 students, each containing 108 males and 108 females, were selected from the 670 full‐time freshmen entering the Southwest Texas State College in fall 1960. Students in the control (uncounseled) sample were individually matched with those in the experimental (counseled) sample on sex, high school quarter rank, high school size, scholastic ability, and study orientation. Experimental subjects were organized into 54 counselee groups, with the four freshmen in each group being carefully matched. Six upperclassmen, three males and three females, were randomly assigned as counselors to same‐sex counselee groups. The test‐retest differential for counseled freshmen was significantly higher on measures of study behavior. Counseled freshmen earned grades averaging one‐half letter grade and 8.3 quality points higher during the first semester.
William F. Brown (Thu,) studied this question.
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