Phase Theory of Gravity: Rethinking and Development of the Phase Synchronization Principle.

Phase Theory of Gravity (PTG) presents a revised and expanded development of the Phase Synchronization Principle (PSP) and introduces a unified macroscopic framework based on the concepts of the Phase Medium, global phase coherence, nested Spheres of Influence, and phase lensing.Within this framework, gravity is interpreted not as a fundamental attractive force, but as a manifestation of phase relaxation processes in a globally connected medium striving to restore synchronization. The work develops a mathematical formalism centered on the Local Evolution Equation (LEE), derives the Newtonian limit as an asymptotic consequence of phase dynamics, and establishes a correspondence between highly saturated phase states and the effective geometric description of General Relativity.The paper presents analytical derivations of several phenomenological relations and cosmological parameters, including the Milgrom limit, the Baryonic Tully–Fisher relation, the global background acceleration of the Universe, and expressions associated with the hierarchy of Spheres of Influence. Quantitative calculations are provided for multiple astrophysical systems, including Earth, Mars, Io, and the galaxy NGC 3198.The theory offers alternative interpretations of dark matter, dark energy, cosmological redshift, inertia, gravitational mass, and several known gravitational anomalies, including the Pioneer anomaly and spacecraft flyby anomalies. The work also discusses experimentally testable predictions, including possible local variability of gravitational conductivity, resonant phase-stable orbital configurations, and additional phase-mass effects.PTG is presented as a testable theoretical framework intended to provide a unified interpretation of gravitational phenomena across planetary, galactic, and cosmological scales through the dynamics of a single nonlinear Phase Medium. AI Disclosure: Generative AI (ChatGPT, Gemini) was used in the preparation of this manuscript for language editing and text structuring. The author closely reviewed and accepts full accountability for the final content.