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Background & objectives: Lack of costing data is a critical gap that exists in the field of family planning (FP) in India. The aim of this study was to estimate health system costs of FP in India for existing modern methods, and potential newer methods (etonorgestrel implant and levonorgestrel intrauterine device) and pregnancy-related services in India. Methods: A bottom-up micro-costing study was conducted in five public health facilities of an Indian State. Data of last one year were collected from existing hospital records and hospital staff was interviewed. Collected data were analyzed using standard costing methods. Results: Package costs of delivering FP services ranged from JOURNAL/ijmer/04. 03/02223309-202201000-00006/math₆MM1/v/2022-09-30T185925Z/r/image-tiff 807 (95% CI 685, 931) for condoms and JOURNAL/ijmer/04. 03/02223309-202201000-00006/math₆MM2/v/2022-09-30T185925Z/r/image-tiff 10, 539 (8796, 12269) for tubal ligation. Estimates of etonorgestrel implant and levonorgestrel intrauterine system were JOURNAL/ijmer/04. 03/02223309-202201000-00006/math₆MM3/v/2022-09-30T185925Z/r/image-tiff 3, 200 (2800, 3625) and 3, 426 (3232, 3623). Cost of antenatal care along with vaginal delivery, caesarean and abortion were JOURNAL/ijmer/04. 03/02223309-202201000-00006/math₆MM4/v/2022-09-30T185925Z/r/image-tiff 10, 916 (8744, 13078), 22, 136 (17570, 26910) and 8, 574 (6791, 10379), respectively. One way sensitivity analysis showed that the three most influential factors on the costs of FP services were prices of drugs and consumables, number of beneficiaries and health personnel cost. Interpretation & conclusions: The present study has generated package costs for FP and pregnancy-related services in India which could be used by publicly-funded insurance schemes, for budgeting, economic evaluations and improve resource allocation of services. The cost estimates from this study add to the limited literature in India on costs of FP.
Moray et al. (Sat,) studied this question.