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, strategic self-presentation that aligns with normative expectations of respectable older femininity and algorithmic preferences. This calibration produces an empowerment paradox: the very agency that enables recognition reinforces rather than challenges the gendered age norms constraining these women. The study contributes to empowerment theory by demonstrating how, under conditions of intersecting marginalisation, effective agency and transformative agency may exist in tension, with platform affordances channelling agency into reproductive rather than transformative forms.
Yingwen Wang (Wed,) studied this question.