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In two space dimensions we generalize the boson-vortex duality picture for spinless particles to boson-vortex-Skyrmion duality for spin-1/2 particles. The spin-singlet fractional quantum Hall effect and spin-singlet anyon superconductivity can be understood as the condensation of vortices and Skyrmions into various fractional quantum Hall states.
Lee et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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