What does this research mean for the field?

The incidence of new-onset pancreatogenic diabetes is highest following chronic pancreatitis (28.2%) compared to acute pancreatitis (18.0%) and pancreatic cancer (16.7%), with each condition presenting distinct, disease-specific risk factors. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to determine the pooled incidence of pancreatogenic diabetes following acute and chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer while identifying specific risk factors.

June 7, 2026

2250-P: Incidence and Risk Factors of Pancreatogenic Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Key Points

This research aims to determine the pooled incidence of pancreatogenic diabetes following acute and chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer while identifying specific risk factors.
Systematic review of studies reporting new-onset diabetes after acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer.
Pooled incidence calculated using random-effects models with subgroup analyses by disease type.
Risk factors were synthesized using odds ratios and Hedges' g.
The pooled incidence of new-onset diabetes was 18.0% (95% CI: 15.8-20.4%) after acute pancreatitis, 28.2% (95% CI: 24.2-32.5%) after chronic pancreatitis, and 16.7% (95% CI: 14.4-19.2%) for pancreatic cancer-related diabetes.
Risk factors after acute pancreatitis included organ failure (OR=3.20) and hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (OR=2.17).
For chronic pancreatitis, structural damage and lifestyle factors significantly predicted diabetes risk, notably pancreatic calcification (OR=2.53) and alcohol use (OR=1.69).

Abstract

Introduction and Objective: Pancreatogenic diabetes (T3cDM) results from pancreatic exocrine dysfunction leading to endocrine insufficiency. Although linked to acute/chronic pancreatitis (AP/CP) and pancreatic cancer (PC), the incidence and predictors of diabetes after these conditions require clarification. This study determines the pooled incidence of new-onset diabetes following AP, CP, and PC and identifies disease-specific risk factors. Methods: We systematically reviewed studies reporting new-onset diabetes after AP, CP, or PC. Incidence was pooled with random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were conducted by disease type. Risk factors were synthesized using odds ratios (ORs) and Hedges' g. Results: The pooled incidence of new-onset diabetes was 18.0% (95% CI: 15.8-20.4%) after AP, 28.2% (95% CI: 24.2-32.5%) after CP, and 16.7% (95% CI: 14.4-19.2%) for PCRD (defined as diabetes within 2 years before PC diagnosis). Risk factors were distinct across diseases: AP risk was driven by severe acute injury (organ failure OR=3.20, necrotizing pancreatitis OR=3.04), specific etiology (hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis OR=2.17), and baseline metabolic factors (high BMI g=0.47, hypertriglyceridemia g=0.58, chronic kidney disease OR=2.10). For CP, the highest-risk condition, predictors included structural damage (pancreatic calcification OR=2.53, biliary stricture OR=2.16), lifestyle factors (smoking OR=1.62, alcohol use OR=1.69), and male sex (OR=1.44). In PC, significant predictors were advanced age (g=0.27, p0.01) and higher baseline BMI (g=0.24, p0.01), whereas male sex (OR=1.10) and smoking (OR=0.86) showed no significant association. Conclusion: Pancreatogenic diabetes risk is highest in chronic pancreatitis and varies by etiology. Disease-specific risk profiles enable precise stratification, guiding tailored monitoring strategies based on incidence and modifiable predictors. Disclosure Y. Du: None. X. Wang: None. L. Li: None.

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