This paper presents an Automatic Fire Extinguisher Robot using ESP32, IoT connectivity, flame detection, smoke sensing, temperature monitoring, autonomous navigation, and obstacle avoidance. The system continuously monitors environmental conditions using a flame sensor, MQ-2 smoke sensor, DHT22 temperature sensor, and HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. When a fire event is detected, the robot autonomously navigates toward the fire source, avoids obstacles, activates a relay-controlled water pump, and sends real-time alerts to a cloud-based IoT dashboard. Experimental evaluation demonstrated a fire detection accuracy of 97.2%, an average response time of 6.4 seconds, and an obstacle avoidance success rate of 94.1%. The proposed system provides a low-cost, scalable, and intelligent fire safety solution suitable for industrial plants, warehouses, smart buildings, residential environments, and smart city applications.
Sharma et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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