Introduction: design, significantly shaping human emotions and perceptions. Understanding how different color properties influence emotional responses can improve the effectiveness and emotional impact of design. Objectives: This study examines how hue, saturation, brightness, and harmony influence emotional responses measured by valence, arousal, and dominance. The goal is to develop evidence-based insights for emotionally engaging design strategies. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining secondary data from a Kaggle dataset with primary data collected via surveys. Participants rated emotional responses to visual stimuli using a Likert scale. Results: Hue significantly affected valence (F = 12.45, p = 0.001), saturation influenced arousal (F = 10.89, p = 0.002), and brightness impacted dominance (F = 8.76, p = 0.003). Harmonious colors contributed 50.5% to positive valence, with red showing high arousal and dominance, while blue indicated calmness and positive valence. Conclusion: Color properties have a measurable impact on emotional responses. These findings offer data-driven guidelines for enhancing emotional engagement in visual communication design.
Huang Wenqing (Mon,) studied this question.