Shalakya Tantra: Classical Clinical Applications, and Contemporary Perspective a Comprehensive Review for Integrative and Evidence-Based Practice

Shalakya Tantra is a specialized discipline of Ayurveda that deals with diseases affecting organs situated above the clavicle, including the eyes, ears, nose, throat and orodental. Classical Ayurvedic treatises provide elaborate descriptions of the anatomical structures, pathological conditions, and therapeutic procedures associated with these organs. Found in ancient text books, such as the Sushruta Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya present detailed classifications of ocular and ENT diseases along with medical and surgical management strategies.1,2 The present review aims to explore the historical development, theoretical basis, diagnostic principles, and therapeutic approaches of Shalakya Tantra, (Eye and Ent) while also examining its relevance in modern integrative healthcare. Information was collected from classical Ayurvedic literature and contemporary scientific publications related to Ayurvedic ophthalmology and ENT practice. The review highlights that Shalakya Tantra incorporates both preventive and therapeutic strategies, including procedures such as Kriya Kalpa, Nasya Karma, and Karna Purana. These methods have traditionally been employed in the management of various ocular and ENT disorders. Recent studies suggest that certain Ayurvedic therapies may have beneficial effects in conditions such as allergic rhinitis and inflammatory eye diseases.10 In conclusion, Shalakya Tantra represents an advanced and specialized branch of Ayurveda. With further scientific validation and integration with modern diagnostic tools, it may contribute significantly to the field of integrative medicine.