THE BIG BANG SINGULARITY AS AN ONTOLOGICAL BOUNDARY: a critical-propositional analysis of Bijay Das's article in dialogue with the Theory of Objectivity

This article presents a critical-propositional analysis of Bijay Das’s The Timeless Photon Universe: Reinterpreting the Big Bang Singularity (2025), in dialogue with the Theory of Objectivity (TO), developed by Vidamor Cabannas and Denivaldo Silva. The study examines Das’s hypothesis that a universe composed exclusively of photons, radiation, or massless fields would be operationally timeless, since null trajectories do not accumulate proper time and no internal physical clocks could exist. The article articulates this proposal with the modal framework of the Theory of Objectivity, especially its concepts of logical Nothingness, originating boundary, modal necessity, Inductive Effects, the cosmogonic theorem, and the cosmological Eras of the TO. It argues that Das’s work offers a relevant conceptual bridge by shifting the Big Bang from an ordinary chronological event to a boundary of the possibility of physical time. However, the analysis also identifies important tensions: while Das grounds the emergence of time in mass generation through the Higgs mechanism, the TO requires a deeper logical-modal anteriority prior to field, metric, mass, radiation, and time. Special attention is given to the TO interpretation of the transcendent element as knowledge or information produced in atomic relations, equivalent to atomic radiations. In this sense, the paper distinguishes between pre-atomic null radiation, phenomenic physical radiation, and atomic information-radiation as a transcendent element. The study concludes that Das’s article does not confirm the TO in a strict sense, but it strongly dialogues with one of its fundamental intuitions: physical time is not first, but emerges from prior conditions of determination, relation, and phenomenic stabilization. This analytical text counted on the analytical support of ChatGPT. Keywords: Theory of Objectivity; Vidamor Cabannas; Denivaldo Silva; Bijay Das; Timeless Photon Universe; Big Bang singularity; proper time; Higgs mechanism; mass generation; photon universe; null matter; emergent time; logical Nothingness; modal necessity; Inductive Effects; transcendent element; atomic radiation; information-radiation; cosmology; philosophy of physics.