Quark confinement is the most fundamental unsolved puzzle in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), which cannot be intuitively accounted for by perturbation theory. Free quarks can never be detected individually, and the strong coupling strength rises exponentially with the increase of quark separation distance, a phenomenon known as “infrared slavery”. Observable phenomena including gluon self-coupling, color-flux tube stretching, and the generation of quark–antiquark pairs via flux tube breaking have long remained at the level of phenomenological fitting, lacking a unified ontological root. Based on the PFUSRC 11-dimensional triple coaxial 45° double-cone steady-state topological system, this paper adopts the topological lock-in mechanism of four-dimensional flow variables (TFV) as the underlying postulate. Quark confinement is redefined as a closed topological binding structure formed by high-dimensional flow variables projected onto 3D spacetime. Color charges correspond to topological fingerprints formed by localized lock-in of flow variables on different nested orbits of the double cone; gluons are equivalent to topological channels for inter-layer cross-cone transmission of flow variables; the strong coupling constant is not a fundamental intrinsic universal constant, but an equivalent topological projection coefficient of the double-cone structure under different energy-scale slicing in the infrared and ultraviolet regimes. Three core physical problems are systematically interpreted within a unified topological framework: first, the geometric non-decomposability of closed topological loops leads to the impossibility of deconfinement for isolated quarks; second, the running behavior of the strong coupling constant holds a one-to-one mapping relationship with the radial scale hierarchy of the double cone; third, gluon self-coupling, color-flux tube deformation and fracture, and hadronization and fragmentation are all driven by the rules of flow-variable topological winding and tension over-limit fracture. This paper fully embeds QCD into the closed mathematical-physical framework of PFUSRC, and establishes consistent logical docking with PFUSRC-105 Origin of Inertia, PFUSRC-108 One-Loop Topological Correction of Vacuum Polarization, and PFUSRC-107 Flow Variable Evolution Tensor, completing the topological reconstruction of the strong interaction branch in the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
Zhenmin Wang (Sun,) studied this question.
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