Bacterial Translocation in Gastrointestinal Cancers and Cancer Treatment

, due to changes in the intestinal bacterial flora, is involved in carcinogenesis. In contrast, gut bacteria or their products, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, not only cause intestinal inflammation but also invade the bloodstream through dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction, thereby leading to systemic inflammation, namely bacterial translocation. The involvement of bacterial translocation in the carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal cancers and their prognosis is increasingly being recognized. The Toll-like receptor signaling pathways plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of such cancers. In addition, bacterial translocation influences the treatment of cancers such as surgery and chemotherapy. In this review, we outline the concept of bacterial translocation, summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between gut bacteria and gastrointestinal cancer, and provide future perspectives of this field.