Brics 拡大についての一考察 ～加盟国拡大と脱ドル化の展望～

Established in 2009, BRICS remained a cooperative forum among emerging economies after South Africa joined in 2010. However, since 2024, the group has expanded to include a wider range of members—not only anti-U.S. states such as Iran, but also pro-Western countries like the UAE and Egypt, as well as nations such as Indonesia that emphasize balanced relations with the world.This expansion reflects a broader global trend away from U.S. unipolar dominance toward multipolarity, as countries seek to diversify their economic growth opportunities.. Furthermore, since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, its exclusion from the dollar-based settlement system has driven it to find alternatives within BRICS, accelerating the bloc’s shift away from dollar dependency. In fact, BRICS countries have reallocated a significant portion of their foreign reserves from the U.S. dollar to gold, and partly to the Chinese yuan. For Japan, the rise of BRICS should be viewed as running parallel to the ongoing global multipolarization, serving as a reminder to avoid overreliance on a U.S.-centric worldview. At the same time, the predominance of China within BRICS has generated unease among other member states. Whether Russia returns to the international community or remains isolated will determine whether BRICS evolves into an anti-U.S. alliance or becomes a symbol of genuine multipolarity.