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Enterprise applications are an outstanding case study for the entire software industry. Most of them demonstrate all of the real-world problems that typical businesses have. Legacy applications that simply can't be rewritten, monolithic code not built for easy maintenance, multiple design and execution technologies that need to be integrated, demand for new technology support and last, but by no means least, customers that won't wait years for a solution.
David E. Sprott (Sat,) studied this question.