ATP and GTP produced an immediate positive inotropic effect similar to adrenaline that was not blocked by propranolol, suggesting they modulate adenylate cyclase activity via a non-beta-adrenergic receptor.
ATP and related energy-rich nucleotides exert catecholamine-like positive inotropic effects on amphibian atrial muscle independent of beta-adrenergic receptors.
The nature of the inotropic actions of exogeneously applied ATP and related compounds (AMP-PNP, GTP, GMP and guanosine) was studied in comparison with that of adrenaline on the bullfrog atrial muscle under voltage clamped and unclamped conditions with the double-gap method. ATP and GTP (10(-6-) - 10(-3) M) produced an immediate positive inotropic effect similar to that achieved with adrenaline. Dose-response curves of these drugs fitted the theoretical dose-response relations, but the curves of ATP and GTP were not significantly altered by propranolol. Under voltage clamped conditions, ATP, AMP-PNP (non-hydrolyzable analogue of ATP) and GTP augmentated the calcium inward current (ICa), ICa-dependent tension and the delayed outward current (Ix) as adrenaline. On the other hand, GMP and guanosine, which have a purine-ribose base but not a high energy phosphate bond, produced a negative inotropic effect, and depressed the Ix as adenosine. All these nucleotides and nucleosides inhibited the ICa-independent tonic tension. The facts that GTP and AMP-PNP showed the same effect as ATP indicated that neither the energy liberation from the phosphate bond nor the substrate for cyclic AMP formation is involved in their positive inotropic effects. It is proposed that the energy rich nucleotides modulate the adenylate cyclase activity, being mediated by some receptor located at the outer surface of the membrane other than beta-adrenergic receptor.
Yatani et al. (Sun,) conducted a other in In vitro bullfrog atrial muscle. ATP and related energy-rich nucleotides (AMP-PNP, GTP) vs. Adrenaline and control (normal Ringer solution) was evaluated on Positive inotropic effect (contractile tension) and membrane currents. ATP and GTP produced an immediate positive inotropic effect similar to adrenaline that was not blocked by propranolol, suggesting they modulate adenylate cyclase activity via a non-beta-adrenergic receptor.