Fingerprint liveness detection based on multi-scale LPQ and PCA

Fingerprint authentication system is used to verify users' identification according to the characteristics of their fingerprints. However, this system has some security and privacy problems. For example, some artificial fingerprints can trick the fingerprint authentication system and access information using real users' identification. Therefore, a fingerprint liveness detection algorithm needs to be designed to prevent illegal users from accessing privacy information. In this paper, a new software-based liveness detection approach using multi-scale local phase quantity (LPQ) and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed. The feature vectors of a fingerprint are constructed through multi-scale LPQ. PCA technology is also introduced to reduce the dimensionality of the feature vectors and gain more effective features. Finally, a training model is gained using support vector machine classifier, and the liveness of a fingerprint is detected on the basis of the training model. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can detect the liveness of users' fingerprints and achieve high recognition accuracy. This study also confirms that multi-resolution analysis is a useful method for texture feature extraction during fingerprint liveness detection.