Spatiotemporal Remote Sensing Image Fusion Using Multiscale Two-Stream Convolutional Neural Networks

Spatiotemporal remote sensing image fusion (STF) is a promising way to obtain remote sensing data with both fine spatial and temporal resolutions. Gradual and abrupt changes in land surface reflectance images are the main challenges in existing STF methods. Advanced deep learning techniques present powerful ability in learning image-changed information. Therefore, this article proposes a novel spatiotemporal image fusion method using multiscale two-stream convolutional neural networks (STFMCNNs). Multiscale two-stream convolutional neural networks are proposed to capture different sizes of objects in feature learning from a coarse spatial resolution image and two pairs of coarse and fine spatial resolution (FR) images at other dates. Meanwhile, temporal dependence and temporal consistency are explored as complementary information for STFMCNN. Moreover, a local fusion method is developed to characterize local variation by combining two predicted images derived from each stream. Two experiments on different real images are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of STFMCNN. Results show that STFMCNN outperformed three existing methods by predicting more accurate FR images with more preserved changed information.