Comparative Analysis of Different Stages of Psychological Adaptation of Ukrainians Abroad During the War

The article highlights the results of a research of the psychological features of adaptation of Ukrainians abroad (on the basis of the Canterbury Christ Church University, Great Britain, among Ukrainian students of English language courses). Psychological adaptation is considered as a prerequisite for socio-cultural adaptation, and therefore it is an actual direction of scientific research in the context of the difficulties and crises faced by Ukrainians due to forced migration abroad. Based on the results of the empirical research, the main mental states of Ukrainians determined by the new place of residence were revealed. In the context of the study of mental states, the study of the emotional attitude to the fact of moving and new living conditions is of particular interest. The signs of culture shock and the spectrum of states (from euphoria to anxiety) were also analyzed, which, as evidenced by the experienced psychologists and psychotherapists, which were most evident in Ukrainians who were forced to leave the country during the war. To analyze the psychological characteristics of Ukrainians, the concept of the U-curve by K. Oberg was used, according to which a person in a new socio-cultural environment goes through different stages A comparison of the psychological characteristics of people who are at different stages of adaptation was made, according to which several correlations were found, in particular: the adaptive capabilities of the individual are influenced by age; in the first stages of adaptation, the need for support from family and loved ones is greater than in the final stages; anxiety is the most thing on the 2nd (crisis) and the 4th (when new challenges arise) stages of adaptation.