Successful use of a patient specific 3D-printed biomodel as surgical guide for excision of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma extending to skull base: A case report

Background: 3-Dimensional (3D) printing has proven its role in various fields. Recently, 3D printing has also been introduced in the otolaryngology domain. The nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, and the anterior skull base have a complex anatomy. Critical structures must be delicately protected and preserved during a surgical procedure. It is, therefore, very important for the surgeon to have an excellent spatial understanding of the complex surgical field that is being traversed. Case Description: Our case is of a 19-year-old male with a 2-month history of recurrent epistaxis, nasal blockage, and headache. Based on the computed tomography scan and the clinical presentation, the patient was diagnosed with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The patient underwent angioembolization of the tumor followed by endoscopic surgical resection. The patient remained stable postoperatively and demonstrated a good recovery in the follow-up visit with no signs of cranial deficits. This case report highlights the use of a patient-specific 3D-printed biomodel to visualize this rare tumor of the nasopharynx. The benefits of using the model in surgical planning, patient education, and resident training are reported. We found that the ability to visualize the tumor on a tangible model, viewing its actual size in relation to the adjacent anatomy and all the structures associated with it, greatly enhances the surgeon’s capacity to tackle such a difficult tumor endoscopically. Conclusion: Incorporating 3D-printed biomodels in surgical practice should result in improved outcomes for the patients.