Comparing and evaluating realistic wood structure models derived from multi-source remote sensing data: A focus on suitability reinforcement

Abstract Exploring the comparison and evaluation of wood structure realistic model based on the fusion of multi-source remote sensing data and suitability reinforcement effects, aiming to proactively and accurately prevent potential structural issues to ensure long-term effective preservation of historical buildings. Various point cloud data from different sources were collected using equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and LiDAR; Based on the point cloud data, a hybrid realistic model was established, using the existing point cloud data to successfully restore the orientation angle of the mortise and tenon interface, the angle was determined to further enhance the real reflection of the existing shape of the column-architrave structure, which provides a more accurate analysis of the structural analysis of the stress model; Based on the establishment of a realistic model, precise identification of weak locations was carried out and two different types of reinforcement were designed. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of these two types of reinforcement was carried out to determine the most suitable reinforcement scheme applicable to the weakened area. The results show that by performing finite element analysis on the 24 columns in the realistic model, the columns with weak areas—M2W23 columns, were found to present the largest deformation of 4.65 mm in the upper and middle parts of the columns. Of the two reinforcement types, the reinforcement with aluminum alloy material reduced the deformation of the wooden columns from 4.65 mm to 3.5 mm, and after being reinforced, the deformation of the wooden columns was reduced by about 24.7% compared to that before the reinforcement. In comparison, the deformation of the wooden columns was reduced from 4.65 mm to 2.8 mm after reinforcement with different thicknesses of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) sheet, which is a 39.7% reduction relative to the unreinforced condition, showing better stability. Reinforcement with different thicknesses of CFRP sheets provides flexibility to cope with the unequal damage of the wooden columns, thus ensuring an equal distribution of strength throughout the columns. The results indicate that within this structure, different thicknesses of CFRP sheets reinforcement exhibit more suitable performance.