Intrinsic Continuous Process Safeguarding Revisited for Batch Reactions

Intrinsic continuous process safeguarding (ICPS) is a methodology to substantially improve the process safety of chemical reactions. It was proposed in 1985. The origin of the method is explained in Control of a Potential Undesired Reaction. Two serious events that occurred with chemical reactors between 2000 and 2020 were selected from the databases of the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (USA) and the European Major Accident Reporting System (eMARS). The occurrence of these events could have been prevented or their effects could have been mitigated if the principles of ICPS had been applied.