International Legal Protection of Climate Change Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Climate change poses a significant challenge to humanity due to its myriad effects, such as rising temperatures, melting ice caps, extreme weather events, sea level rise, storms, wildfires, droughts, and increased energy demand. The expected global population growth exacerbates these impacts, leading to further deterioration of the climate and other environmental changes that profoundly affect humans. Since ancient times, humans have utilized technology to provide solutions and confront climate challenges, aiming to create a more habitable and prosperous environment. Despite its negative role in increasing pollution rates since the first industrial revolution, which transitioned from coal to steam engines in the 18th century, technological advancements have continuously evolved. This evolution includes the second industrial revolution, introducing electric power in the late 19th century, the third industrial revolution, characterized by the shift to machine-based production and advancements in computing and the internet in the 1960s, and the fourth industrial revolution, which integrates physical, digital, and biological systems through electronically controlled devices and smart machines connected to the internet, such as the Internet of Things, 3D printing, robotics, artificial intelligence, and others. These innovations have permeated all aspects of life and work, significantly impacting the climate both positively and negatively. In jurisprudence, opinions vary regarding the relationship between technology and climate change. Some emphasize the negative impacts of technological advancements on the climate, while others focus on the role of technological innovations in addressing climate change. These innovations aim to make changes in information technology applications that align with