Recent Progresses in Nanocomposite Films for Food-Packaging Applications: Synthesis Strategies, Technological Advancements, Potential Risks and Challenges

The escalating worldwide apprehension over environmental deterioration caused by plastic pollution owing to the detrimental effects of conventional plastics has eventually led to the orientation towards biopolymer-based sustainable packaging materials. Contemporary food industries encounter a multitude of challenges to meet consumer demand of upholding food quality and implementing extended preservation strategies. This has in turn compelled the researchers to emphasize the development of multifunctional sustainable packaging materials. Biopolymers can serve as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics, but they lack certain properties when compared to conventional plastics. The incorporation of different nanomaterials derived through organic or inorganic sources has been demonstrated to impart different properties to the resultant biocomposite films. The nanobiocomposite materials which serve as a union of nanotechnology, biodegradability, and sustainability have further paved the way for advanced packaging which offers added functionalities like enhanced mechanical strength, barrier properties, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant properties and real time monitoring of food quality. Furthermore, it discusses the potential risks associated with nanomaterial utilization. In addition, the study also emphasizes the need for continued advancements and research in nanobiocomposite film technology as ways to tackle the challenges of food preservation, waste management, a sustainable future, and consumer health.