Phytochemicals as emerging therapeutics for acne vulgaris: a comprehensive review

Abstract Background Interest in using phytochemicals and herbal medicines to treat skin conditions like acne vulgaris has grown steadily over the last few decades and is described as a chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous unit that affects teenagers and young adults. Its treatment emphasizes the four main factors that contribute to its development: inflammation, excessive growth of Cutibacterium acne , hyperkeratinization, and sebum production. Main body Topical retinoids, oral isotretinoin, benzoyl peroxide, and antibiotics are all part of the treatment. Herbal medicine is a potential complementary and alternative medicine approach in this respect. Additionally, this review gives a full picture concerning acne pathogenesis, molecular targets for acne treatment, antibiotic resistance and existing medications and their pros and cons, herbal skincare products, and bioactive plant chemicals. Short conclusion This comprehensive study offers proof that phytochemicals and medicinal plants act as promising therapies for mild to moderate acne vulgaris through shed light on medicinal plants that have a long history of use and have been shown to possess low adverse effects. These plants are a reliable source for the preparation of new drugs. However, to substantiate their efficacy and safety claims, higher-quality research and clinical trials are required.