Truss structure is widely used in the construction industry. The traditional optimization design methods mainly rely on the design experience of designers and lack of systematic theoretical support. This paper focuses on the structural optimization design methods of truss. In the first part, the optimization design methods of truss structure are introduced in detail from two main aspects: overall optimization and local optimization. Then, a specific case of top-supporting truss bridge is analyzed. The case is analyzed and optimized by the equivalent beam method in the whole optimization method. The result of case study shows that the truss structure can be optimized effectively by using the equivalent beam method with pier and analyzing the bending moment diagram. The equivalent beam method can be used to simplify and optimize complex structures. By dividing the various parts of the truss into beam-like segments and considering their interactions and stress distributions, an equivalent beam model can be constructed. This equivalent beam model captures the main mechanical characteristics of the truss while ignoring minor factors, thereby simplifying the calculation process. This paper can provide an effective reference for the optimal design of truss structure.
Zhu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.