It is indicated that the issue of determining the legalization (laundering) of property obtained as a result of criminal activity is of significant practical and scientific importance for the general system of combating crime. A comprehensive study of this important problem not only from the perspective of criminal law, but also criminology contributes to the prevention of criminal offenses committed by officials in the sphere of economic activity. The article identifies determinants that influence the legalization (laundering) of property obtained by criminal means under martial law. The determination of crime is one of the determining factors in the study of any of its types, including the criminal offense provided for in Article 209 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is noted that in the context of modern global challenges associated with the escalation of the armed conflict with Russia, in conditions of constant technological and economic progress, legalization processes are becoming more severe and latent, making their timely detection and prevention more difficult, and legalization of property contributes to the retention of illegally acquired funds in the shadow economy, which affects the financial stability and efficiency of the state’s socio-economic systems. It is emphasized that the achievement of the key goal of criminology, which is the scientific justification and selection of measures to prevent criminal offenses, depends on understanding the determination of crime. It has been determined that, by their content, the reasons for the legalization (laundering) of property obtained by criminal means should be classified into socio-economic, organizational and managerial, political and legal, moral and ideological, military and political, and socio-psychological. It has been found that the conditions that contribute to the commission of a given criminal offense include phenomena, processes, and circumstances that contribute to or create the possibility of the emergence and manifestation of causes that generate a consequence. Causes form the motivation for the crime; conditions create the possibility of its implementation. It has been established that the essence of the determinants of criminal offenses related to the legalization (laundering) of property obtained by criminal means,committed by officials in the field of economic activity, is manifested in the fact that certain social phenomena and processes, influencing the formation of negative views and attitudes in combination with criminogenic motivation, cause criminal activity.
Mykytchyk et al. (Sun,) studied this question.