Calculation of strip foundations in complex conditions of its operation based on digital technologies

The study aimed to develop a methodology for calculating strip foundations with due regard for difficult operating conditions. For this, the peculiarities of foundations on weak and subsiding soils were considered, the effect of incomplete contact with the foundation was investigated, as well as the influence of longitudinal forces arising from pretensioning of reinforcement and temperature changes. The calculation methodology was based on modelling the foundation as a finite beam resting on a two-parameter elastic foundation. The study analysed the effect of incomplete contact between the base and the foundation, which occurs in the case of localised dips or soil weakness, as well as longitudinal forces caused by external loads. A calculation program was developed for numerical modelling and implemented in Delphi. The study determined that the absence of full contact between the foundation and the substrate leads to stress redistribution, which can cause localised deformation concentrations. Longitudinal forces have different effects on the performance of the foundation: tensile reduce deflections and compressive – increase them. Analytical and numerical calculations have confirmed the need to incorporate these factors during design, as ignoring them can lead to significant deviations in the stress-strain state of the structure. The developed mathematical model incorporates these effects and identifies critical areas requiring adjustment of design parameters. The data obtained can be used in the design of strip foundations in difficult ground conditions, increasing their reliability and efficiency, as well as minimising the risk of cracking and uneven settlements. The proposed methodology can be used to calculate the foundations of buildings and structures operating in heterogeneous soils