Assessment of the Risk of Atherogenicity and Cardiometabolic Health in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistently high blood sugar levels and variable levels of impairment in the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. There is a one to fivefold increase in sudden mortality, and there is a high risk of numerous diseases, including cardiovascular disease, it encompasses coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease. A new measure for assessing atherogenicity risk and cardiometabolic health is the atherogenic index of plasma, which is the logarithmically transformed ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. Method: The present case-control study included 30 T2DM males without lipid-lowering drugs and 25 apparently healthy males as a control group. After at least 8 hours overnight fasting, blood samples were drawn from each participant and analyzed to assess the fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1C, and lipid profile (low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride). Results: The comparison of the T2DM and control groups revealed that their ages matched, but that all studied factors differed significantly between the two groups (p≤0.05), with the exception of diastolic pressure. In addition to the strong correlation between the lipid profile and the AIP. Conclusions: It was concluded that the AIP, a measure associated with improper metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, is crucial in characterizing the risk of atherogenicity and cardiometabolic defect in type II diabetes mellitus.